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Cospectral graphs, also called isospectral graphs, are graphs that share the same graph spectrum. The smallest pair of isospectral graphs is the graph union C_4 union K_1 and ...

x^(2n)+1=[x^2-2xcos(pi/(2n))+1] ×[x^2-2xcos((3pi)/(2n))+1]×...× ×[x^2-2xcos(((2n-1)pi)/(2n))+1].

The largest n such that |z_n|<4 in a Mandelbrot set. Points of different count are often assigned different colors.

If X and Y are independent variates and X+Y is a normal distribution, then both X and Y must have normal distributions. This was proved by Cramér in 1936.

Exchanges branches of the hyperbola x^'y^'=xy. x^' = mu^(-1)x (1) y^' = -muy. (2)

A cupola adjoined to a rotunda.

A linear functional on a smooth differential form.

K=(dT)/(ds), where T is the tangent vector defined by T=((dx)/(ds))/(|(dx)/(ds)|).

The order of the polynomial defining an algebraic curve.

z^p-y^p=(z-y)(z-zetay)...(z-zeta^(p-1)y), where zeta=e^(2pii/p) (a de Moivre number) and p is a prime.