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A triangular grid, also called an isometric grid (Gardner 1986, pp. 209-210), is a grid formed by tiling the plane regularly with equilateral triangles.

If the Tutte polynomial T(x,y) of a graph G is given by sumt_(rs)x^ry^s, then the matrix (t_(rs)) is called the rank matrix of G. For example, the Tutte matrix of the ...

Let a cotree of a spanning tree T in a connected graph G be denoted T^*. Then the edges of G which are not in T^* are called its twigs (Harary 1994, p. 39).

Let graph G have p points v_i and graph H have p points u_i, where p>=3. Then if for each i, the subgraphs G_i=G-v_i and H_i=H-u_i are isomorphic, then the graphs G and H are ...

The algebra structure of linear functionals on polynomials of a single variable (Roman 1984, pp. 2-3).

An operator T which maps some basic polynomial sequence p_n(x) into another basic polynomial sequence q_n(x).

A point lattice which can be constructed from an arbitrary parallelogram of unit area. For any such planar lattice, the minimum distance c between any two points is a ...

A graph in which individual nodes have no distinct identifications except through their interconnectivity. Graphs in which labels (which are most commonly numbers) are ...

The vertex count of a graph g, commonly denoted V(g) or |g|, is the number of vertices in g. In other words, it is the cardinality of the vertex set. The vertex count of a ...

The depth of a vertex v in a rooted tree as the number of edges from v to the root vertex. A function to return the depth of a vertex v in a tree g may be implemented in a ...