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The term "recursive function" is often used informally to describe any function that is defined with recursion. There are several formal counterparts to this informal ...

The oriented matroid of a finite configuration of points extracts relative position and orientation information from the configuration. An oriented matroid can be described ...

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Theory of Computation

Nonstandard analysis is a branch of mathematical logic which introduces hyperreal numbers to allow for the existence of "genuine infinitesimals," which are numbers that are ...

Abstract Algebra

An articulation vertex of a connected graph, also called a cut-vertex (Harary 1994, p. 26; West 2000; Gross and Yellen 2006) or "cutpoint" (Harary 1994, p. 26), is a vertex ...

An ansatz is an assumed form for a mathematical statement that is not based on any underlying theory or principle. An example from physics is the Bethe Ansatz (Müller).

When the Gaussian curvature K is everywhere negative, a surface is called anticlastic and is saddle-shaped. A surface on which K is everywhere positive is called synclastic. ...

Construct a chain C of 2n components in a solid torus V. Now thicken each component of C slightly to form a chain C_1 of 2n solid tori in V, where pi_1(V-C_1)=pi_1(V-C) via ...