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A square n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is called reducible if the indices 1, 2, ..., n can be divided into two disjoint nonempty sets i_1, i_2, ..., i_mu and j_1, j_2, ..., j_nu (with ...

A method of proof which proceeds by stating a proposition and then showing that it results in a contradiction, thus demonstrating the proposition to be false. In the words of ...

R(X_1,...X_n)=sum_(i=1)^nH(X_i)-H(X_1,...,X_n), where H(x_i) is the entropy and H(X_1,...,X_n) is the joint entropy. Linear redundancy is defined as ...

A number n is said to be refactorable, sometimes also called a tau number (Kennedy and Cooper 1990), if it is divisible by the number of its divisors sigma_0(n), where ...

A reference triangle is a triangle relative to which trilinear coordinates, exact trilinear coordinates, derived triangle, or other objects are defined in triangle geometry ...

The reflection circle, a term coined here for the first time, is the circumcircle of the reflection triangle. It has center at Kimberling center X_(195), which is the ...

A reflection relation is a functional equation relating f(-x) to f(x), or more generally, f(a-x) to f(x). Perhaps the best known example of a reflection formula is the gamma ...

Let X be a normed space and X^(**)=(X^*)^* denote the second dual vector space of X. The canonical map x|->x^^ defined by x^^(f)=f(x),f in X^* gives an isometric linear ...

The regular dodecagon, illustrated above, is the constructible 12-sided regular polygon that can be denoted using the Schläfli symbol {12}. The Australian 50-cent piece is ...

The regular nonagon is the regular polygon with nine sides and Schläfli symbol {9}. The regular nonagon cannot be constructed using the classical Greek rules of geometric ...