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The image of the path gamma in C under the function f is called the trace. This usage of the term "trace" is unrelated to the same term applied to matrices or tensors.

A 50-sided polygon.

A group of five elements.

The Fermat number F_n is prime iff 3^(2^(2^n-1))=-1 (mod F_n).

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Percolation theory deals with fluid flow (or any other similar process) in random media. If the medium is a set of regular lattice points, then there are two main types of ...

The graph complement of a perfect graph is itself perfect. Originally known as the weak perfect graph conjecture (Fulkerson 1971), the result was subsequently proved by ...

A set P is called perfect if P=P^', where P^' is the derived set of P.

A point x_0 is said to be a periodic point of a function f of period n if f^n(x_0)=x_0, where f^0(x)=x and f^n(x) is defined recursively by f^n(x)=f(f^(n-1)(x)).

Let p={a_1,a_2,...,a_n} be a permutation. Then i is a permutation ascent if a_i<a_(i+1). For example, the permutation {1,2,3,4} is composed of three ascents, namely {1,2}, ...