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A foliation F of dimension p on a manifold M is transversely orientable if it is integral to a p-plane distribution D on M whose normal bundle Q is orientable. A p-plane ...

A distribution with zero kurtosis excess, i.e., gamma_2=0.

A phenomenological law also called the first digit law, first digit phenomenon, or leading digit phenomenon. Benford's law states that in listings, tables of statistics, ...

If a distribution has a single mode at mu_0, then P(|x-mu_0|>=lambdatau)<=4/(9lambda^2), where tau^2=sigma^2+(mu-mu_0)^2.

A set of statistical distributions having the same variance.

A distribution with a high peak so that the kurtosis excess satisfies gamma_2>0.

A statistical test in which assumptions are made about the underlying distribution of observed data.

A distribution with kurtosis excess gamma_2<0, and therefore having a flattened shape.

The words random and stochastic are synonymous.

Given a subset A of a larger set, the characteristic function chi_A, sometimes also called the indicator function, is the function defined to be identically one on A, and is ...