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The distance d(u,v) between two vertices u and v of a finite graph is the minimum length of the paths connecting them (i.e., the length of a graph geodesic). If no such path ...

The great rhombic triacontahedron, also called the great stellated triacontahedron, is the dual of great icosidodecahedron uniform polyhedron. It is a zonohedron and a ...

A matrix, also called a canonical box matrix, having zeros everywhere except along the diagonal and superdiagonal, with each element of the diagonal consisting of a single ...

A quantity used to test nested hypotheses. Let H^' be a nested hypothesis with n^' degrees of freedom within H (which has n degrees of freedom), then calculate the maximum ...

Infinite series of various simple functions of the logarithm include sum_(k=1)^^^inftylnk = 1/2ln(2pi) (1) sum_(k=1)^^^infty(-1)^klnk = 1/2ln(1/2pi) (2) ...

A zonohedron which is the dual of the dodecadodecahedron U_(36) and Wenninger dual W_(73). The medial rhombic triacontahedron contains interior pentagrammic vertices which ...

The parallelogram law gives the rule for vector addition of vectors A and B. The sum A+B of the vectors is obtained by placing them head to tail and drawing the vector from ...

Given a series of positive terms u_i and a sequence of positive constants {a_i}, use Kummer's test rho^'=lim_(n->infty)(a_n(u_n)/(u_(n+1))-a_(n+1)) (1) with a_n=n, giving ...

If f:D->Y is a map (a.k.a. function, transformation, etc.) over a domain D, then the range of f, also called the image of D under f, is defined as the set of all values that ...

Let u_k be a series with positive terms and suppose rho=lim_(k->infty)(u_(k+1))/(u_k). Then 1. If rho<1, the series converges. 2. If rho>1 or rho=infty, the series diverges. ...