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A map f between topological spaces that maps closed sets to closed sets. If f is bijective, then f is closed <==>f is open <==>f^(-1) is continuous, where f^(-1) denotes the ...

Given an arithmetic series {a_1,a_1+d,a_1+2d,...}, the number d is called the common difference associated to the sequence.

Given a geometric sequence {a_1,a_1r,a_1r^2,...}, the number r is called the common ratio associated to the sequence.

Let suma_k and sumb_k be a series with positive terms and suppose a_1<=b_1, a_2<=b_2, .... 1. If the bigger series converges, then the smaller series also converges. 2. If ...

A function f(x) is completely convex in an open interval (a,b) if it has derivatives of all orders there and if (-1)^kf^((2k))(x)>=0 for k=0, 1, 2, ... in that interval ...

A function f(x) is said to be concave on an interval [a,b] if, for any points x_1 and x_2 in [a,b], the function -f(x) is convex on that interval (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000).

The endpoints of a confidence interval are known as the confidence limits.

Functions which can be expressed in terms of Legendre functions of the first and second kinds. See Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 337). P_(-1/2+ip)(costheta) = (1) = ...

The apodization function A(x)=(1-(x^2)/(a^2))^2. Its full width at half maximum is sqrt(4-2sqrt(2))a. Its instrument function is ...

A map f:X-->Y is called constant with constant value y if f(x)=y for all x in X, i.e., if all elements of X are sent to same element y of Y.