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A theorem proved by Doob (1942) which states that any random process which is both normal and Markov has the following forms for its correlation function C_y(tau), spectral ...

Given a Poisson distribution with a rate of change lambda, the distribution function D(x) giving the waiting times until the hth Poisson event is D(x) = ...

Given a formula y=f(x) with an absolute error in x of dx, the absolute error is dy. The relative error is dy/y. If x=f(u,v,...), then ...

A shuffle of a deck of cards obtained by successively exchanging the cards in position 1, 2, ..., n with cards in randomly chosen positions. For 4<=n<=17, the most frequent ...

The expectation value of a function f(x) in a variable x is denoted <f(x)> or E{f(x)}. For a single discrete variable, it is defined by <f(x)>=sum_(x)f(x)P(x), (1) where P(x) ...

An exponential moving average, also known as an exponentially weighted moving average and abbreviated EMA or EWMA, is a moving filter that applied weights to older values in ...

Given a sequence of independent random variates X_1, X_2, ..., if sigma_k^2=var(X_k) and rho_n^2=max_(k<=n)((sigma_k^2)/(s_n^2)), then lim_(n->infty)rho_n^2=0. This means ...

Gibrat's distribution is a continuous distribution in which the logarithm of a variable x has a normal distribution, P(x)=1/(xsqrt(2pi))e^(-(lnx)^2/2), (1) defined over the ...

The half-normal distribution is a normal distribution with mean 0 and parameter theta limited to the domain x in [0,infty). It has probability and distribution functions ...

The two-dimensional Hammersley point set of order m is defined by taking all numbers in the range from 0 to 2^m-1 and interpreting them as binary fractions. Calling these ...