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The simplex method is a method for solving problems in linear programming. This method, invented by George Dantzig in 1947, tests adjacent vertices of the feasible set (which ...

A set of four, also called a quartet.

A triangle center (sometimes simply called a center) is a point whose trilinear coordinates are defined in terms of the side lengths and angles of a triangle and for which a ...

A function of a single variable (e.g., f(x), g(z), theta(xi), etc.).

The unknot, also called the trivial knot (Rolfsen 1976, p. 51), is a closed loop that is not knotted. In the 1930s Reidemeister first proved that knots exist which are ...

The q-binomial coefficient is a q-analog for the binomial coefficient, also called a Gaussian coefficient or a Gaussian polynomial. A q-binomial coefficient is given by [n; ...

If one root of the equation f(x)=0, which is irreducible over a field K, is also a root of the equation F(x)=0 in K, then all the roots of the irreducible equation f(x)=0 are ...

The Alexander invariant H_*(X^~) of a knot K is the homology of the infinite cyclic cover of the complement of K, considered as a module over Lambda, the ring of integral ...

The algebraic connectivity of a graph is the numerically second smallest eigenvalue (counting multiple eigenvalues separately) of the Laplacian matrix of a graph G. In other ...

Given a field F and an extension field K superset= F, an element alpha in K is called algebraic over F if it is a root of some nonzero polynomial with coefficients in F. ...