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A sorting method proposed by Shell (1959) in which records being sorted can take long jumps instead of being restricted to short steps.

Let v(G) be the number of vertices in a graph G and h(G) the length of the maximum cycle in G. Then the shortness exponent of a class of graphs G is defined by sigma(G)=lim ...

Two triangles are similar if their triples of vertex angles are the same.

External (or positive) and internal (or negative) similarity points of two circles with centers C and C^' and radii r and r^' are the points E and I on the lines CC^' such ...

The single bar | is a notation variously used to denote the absolute value |x|, complex modulus |z|, vector norm |x|, determinant |A|, or "divides" (a|b).

The function from a given nonempty set X to the power set P(X) that maps every element x of X to the set {x}.

A skew coordinate system is a system of curvilinear coordinates in which each family of surfaces intersects the others at angles other than right angles. Skew coordinate ...

A perimeter-bisecting line segment which originates at a vertex of a polygon. The three splitters of a triangle concur in a point known as the Nagel point Na.

Squaring is the geometric construction, using only compass and straightedge, of a square which has the same area as a given geometric figure. Squaring is also called ...

The Stolarsky mean of two numbers a and c is defined by S_p(a,c)=[(a^p-c^p)/(p(a-c))]^(1/(p-1)) (Havil 2003, p. 121).