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The lower central series of a Lie algebra g is the sequence of subalgebras recursively defined by g_(k+1)=[g,g_k], (1) with g_0=g. The sequence of subspaces is always ...

A number x such that for all epsilon>0, there exists a member of the set y different from x such that |y-x|<epsilon. The topological definition of limit point P of A is that ...

Line segment picking is the process of picking line segments at random within a given shape in the plane, in space, or in a higher dimension. The most natural definition of a ...

A Liouville number is a transcendental number which has very close rational number approximations. An irrational number beta is called a Liouville number if, for each n, ...

For any algebraic number x of degree n>2, a rational approximation p/q to x must satisfy |x-p/q|>1/(q^n) for sufficiently large q. Writing r=n leads to the definition of the ...

There are no fewer than three distinct notions of the term local C^*-algebra used throughout functional analysis. A normed algebra A=(A,|·|_A) is said to be a local ...

The Lorentz group is the group L of time-preserving linear isometries of Minkowski space R^((3,1)) with the Minkowski metric dtau^2=-(dx^0)^2+(dx^1)^2+(dx^2)^2+(dx^3)^2 ...

where Gamma(z) is the gamma function and other details are discussed by Gradshteyn and Ryzhik (2000).

A Meyniel graph, also called a very strongly perfect graph, is a graph in which every odd cycle of length five or more has at least two chords. Meyniel graphs are perfect. ...

The Minkowski metric, also called the Minkowski tensor or pseudo-Riemannian metric, is a tensor eta_(alphabeta) whose elements are defined by the matrix (eta)_(alphabeta)=[-1 ...