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A lion and a man in a closed arena have equal maximum speeds. What tactics should the lion employ to be sure of his meal? This problem was stated by Rado in 1925 (Littlewood ...

A Liouville number is a transcendental number which has very close rational number approximations. An irrational number beta is called a Liouville number if, for each n, ...

A maximal ideal of a ring R is an ideal I, not equal to R, such that there are no ideals "in between" I and R. In other words, if J is an ideal which contains I as a subset, ...

The word "median" has several different meanings in mathematics all related to the "middle" of mathematical objects. The statistical median is an order statistic that gives ...

Module multiplicity is a number associated with every nonzero finitely generated graded module M over a graded ring R for which the Hilbert series is defined. If dim(M)=d, ...

The number of partitions of n with k or fewer addends, or equivalently, into partitions with no element greater than k. This function is denoted q(n,k) or q_k(n). (Note that ...

Let K be a number field and let O be an order in K. Then the set of equivalence classes of invertible fractional ideals of O forms a multiplicative Abelian group called the ...

Plancherel's theorem states that the integral of the squared modulus of a function is equal to the integral of the squared modulus of its spectrum. It corresponds to ...

In its simplest form, the principle of permanence states that, given any analytic function f(z) defined on an open (and connected) set U of the complex numbers C, and a ...

If we expand the determinant of a matrix A using determinant expansion by minors, first in terms of the minors of order r formed from any r rows, with their complementaries, ...