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A linear transformation of period two. Since a linear transformation has the form, lambda^'=(alphalambda+beta)/(gammalambda+delta), (1) applying the transformation a second ...

A rational homomorphism phi:G->G^' defined over a field is called an isogeny when dimG=dimG^'. Two groups G and G^' are then called isogenous if there exists a third group ...

The knot curve is a quartic curve with implicit Cartesian equation (x^2-1)^2=y^2(3+2y). (1) The x- and y-intercepts are (0,-1), (0,1/2), and (+/-1,0). It has horizontal ...

The space called L^infty (ell-infinity) generalizes the L-p-spaces to p=infty. No integration is used to define them, and instead, the norm on L^infty is given by the ...

A linear functional on a real vector space V is a function T:V->R, which satisfies the following properties. 1. T(v+w)=T(v)+T(w), and 2. T(alphav)=alphaT(v). When V is a ...

An elliptic function with no poles in a fundamental cell is a constant.

Simple majority vote is the only procedure which is anonymous, dual, and monotonic.

Monster-barring is a term coined by Lakatos (1976) to refer to the refining of a hypothesis to rule out nasty counterexamples (Bailey et al. 2007, p. 11).

The algebraic integers in a number field.

An expression that is of a given type. For example, all primes p>3 are "of the form" 6n+/-1. The term "of shape" is sometimes also used.