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Two similar figures with parallel homologous lines and connectors of homologous points concurrent at the homothetic center are said to be in homothetic position. If two ...

The roulette of the pole of a hyperbolic spiral rolling on a straight line is a tractrix.

The ideal quotient (a:b) is an analog of division for ideals in a commutative ring R, (a:b)={x in R:xb subset a}. The ideal quotient is always another ideal. However, this ...

The identity element I (also denoted E, e, or 1) of a group or related mathematical structure S is the unique element such that Ia=aI=a for every element a in S. The symbol ...

The operator I^~ which takes a real number to the same real number I^~r=r.

A set of graph vertices A of a graph with graph edges V is independent if it contains no graph edges.

A set whose members index (label) members of another set. For example, in the set A= union _(k in K)A_k, the set K is an index set of the set A.

One of the basic objects treated in a given formal language system. The term is sometimes also used as a synonym for urelement.

An infinitesimal is some quantity that is explicitly nonzero and yet smaller in absolute value than any real quantity. The understanding of infinitesimals was a major ...

Given a geodesic triangle (a triangle formed by the arcs of three geodesics on a smooth surface), int_(ABC)Kda=A+B+C-pi. Given the Euler characteristic chi, intintKda=2pichi, ...