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Every finite group G of order greater than one possesses a finite series of subgroups, called a composition series, such that I<|H_s<|...<|H_2<|H_1<|G, where H_(i+1) is a ...

Let H be a subgroup of a group G. The similarity transformation of H by a fixed element x in G not in H always gives a subgroup. If xHx^(-1)=H for every element x in G, then ...

A cylindrical projection of points on a unit sphere centered at O consists of extending the line OS for each point S until it intersects a cylinder tangent to the sphere at ...

The n-ball, denoted B^n, is the interior of a sphere S^(n-1), and sometimes also called the n-disk. (Although physicists often use the term "sphere" to mean the solid ball, ...

A number puzzle in which a group of arithmetical operations has some or all of its digits replaced by letters or symbols, and where the original digits must be found. In such ...

There are no fewer than two closely related but somewhat different notions of gerbe in mathematics. For a fixed topological space X, a gerbe on X can refer to a stack of ...

At least one power series solution will be obtained when applying the Frobenius method if the expansion point is an ordinary, or regular, singular point. The number of roots ...

The central point (r=0) in polar coordinates, or the point with all zero coordinates (0, ..., 0) in Cartesian coordinates. In three dimensions, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis ...

In random number computation, a seed is an initial number used as the starting point in a random number generating algorithm. In a dynamical system, a seed is a starting ...

The tail of a vector AB^-> is the initial point A, i.e., the point at which the vector originates. The tails of a statistical distribution with probability density function ...