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Let the values of a function f(x) be tabulated at points x_i equally spaced by h=x_(i+1)-x_i, so f_1=f(x_1), f_2=f(x_2), ..., f_5=f(x_5). Then Boole's rule approximating the ...

If f(z) is regular and of the form O(e^(k|z|)) where k<pi, for R[z]>=0, and if f(z)=0 for z=0, 1, ..., then f(z) is identically zero.

Apply Markov's inequality with a=k^2 to obtain P[(x-mu)^2>=k^2]<=(<(x-mu)^2>)/(k^2)=(sigma^2)/(k^2). (1) Therefore, if a random variable x has a finite mean mu and finite ...

Every "large" even number may be written as 2n=p+m where p is a prime and m in P union P_2 is the set of primes P and semiprimes P_2.

The circle method is a method employed by Hardy, Ramanujan, and Littlewood to solve many asymptotic problems in additive number theory, particularly in deriving an asymptotic ...

Let {a_n} be a nonnegative sequence and f(x) a nonnegative integrable function. Define A_n = sum_(k=1)^(n)a_k (1) B_n = sum_(k=n)^(infty)a_k (2) and F(x) = int_0^xf(t)dt (3) ...

where _5F_4(a,b,c,d,e;f,g,h,i;z) is a generalized hypergeometric function and Gamma(z) is the gamma function. Bailey (1935, pp. 25-26) called the Dougall-Ramanujan identity ...

_2F_1(a,b;c;1)=((c-b)_(-a))/((c)_(-a))=(Gamma(c)Gamma(c-a-b))/(Gamma(c-a)Gamma(c-b)) for R[c-a-b]>0, where _2F_1(a,b;c;x) is a (Gauss) hypergeometric function. If a is a ...

The harmonic conjugate to a given function u(x,y) is a function v(x,y) such that f(x,y)=u(x,y)+iv(x,y) is complex differentiable (i.e., satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann ...

Let 1/p+1/q=1 (1) with p, q>1. Then Hölder's inequality for integrals states that int_a^b|f(x)g(x)|dx<=[int_a^b|f(x)|^pdx]^(1/p)[int_a^b|g(x)|^qdx]^(1/q), (2) with equality ...