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An extreme point of a subset K of a vector space X is an extreme set S of K which consists of a single point x in K. The collection of all extreme points of K is sometimes ...

Consider a function f(x) in one dimension. If f(x) has a relative extremum at x_0, then either f^'(x_0)=0 or f is not differentiable at x_0. Either the first or second ...

Factor analysis allows the determination of common axes influencing sets of independent measured sets. It is "the granddaddy of multivariate techniques (Gould 1996, pp. ...

The primes with Legendre symbol (n/p)=1 (less than N=pi(d) for trial divisor d) which need be considered when using the quadratic sieve factorization method.

The knots that make up a knot sum of a composite knot are known as factor knots (Adams 1994, p. 8).

A game which is not biased toward any player. A game in which a given player can always win by playing correctly is therefore called an unfair game.

A group action phi:G×X->X is called faithful if there are no group elements g (except the identity element) such that gx=x for all x in X. Equivalently, the map phi induces ...

A representation phi of a group G is faithful if it is one-to-one, i.e., if phi(g)=phi(h) implies g=h for g,h in G. Equivalently, phi is faithful if phi(g)=I_n implies g=e, ...

The third-order ordinary differential equation y^(''')+alphayy^('')+beta(1-y^('2))=0.

A statement which is rigorously not true. Regular two-valued logic allows statements to be only true or false, but fuzzy logic treats "truth" as a continuum which can have a ...