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A statistical test in which assumptions are made about the underlying distribution of observed data.

A distribution with kurtosis excess gamma_2<0, and therefore having a flattened shape.

An estimator of the actual values of population.

Predictability at a time tau in the future is defined by (R(x(t),x(t+tau)))/(H(x(t))), and linear predictability by (L(x(t),x(t+tau)))/(H(x(t))), where R and L are the ...

One out of a set of identical observations in a given experiment under identical conditions.

The residual is the sum of deviations from a best-fit curve of arbitrary form. R=sum[y_i-f(x_i,a_1,...,a_n)]^2. The residual should not be confused with the correlation ...

If the fourth moment mu_4!=0, then P(|x^_-mu_4|>=lambda)<=(mu_4+3(N-1)sigma^4)/(N^3lambda^4), where sigma^2 is the variance.

The study of sampling

The measurable space (S^',S^') into which a random variable from a probability space is a measurable function.

(Deltau)_i^2=(u_i-u^_)^2, where u^_ is the average of {u_i}.