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Dual pairs of linear programs are in "strong duality" if both are possible. The theorem was first conceived by John von Neumann. The first written proof was an Air Force ...

Ellipsoidal calculus is a method for solving problems in control and estimation theory having unknown but bounded errors in terms of sets of approximating ellipsoidal-value ...

The Fibonacci chain map is defined as x_(n+1) = -1/(x_n+epsilon+alphasgn[frac(n(phi-1))-(phi-1)]) (1) phi_(n+1) = frac(phi_n+phi-1), (2) where frac(x) is the fractional part, ...

"The integers" is a common way of referring to the set of integers, commonly denoted Z.

A Jensen disk is a disk in the complex plane whose diameter joins complex conjugate roots of a polynomial (Trott 2004, p. 22).

The Kuhn-Tucker theorem is a theorem in nonlinear programming which states that if a regularity condition holds and f and the functions h_j are convex, then a solution ...

The breaking up of self-intersecting polygons into simple polygons (illustrated above) is also called tessellation (Woo et al. 1999).

The number of digits used to perform a given computation. The concepts of accuracy and precision are both closely related and often confused. While the accuracy of a number x ...

Sinai billiards is the reflection of a ray of light by an arrangement of perfectly reflecting circles in the plane (Trott 2004, pp. 28-30). The path is extremely sensitive to ...

Stochastic optimization refers to the minimization (or maximization) of a function in the presence of randomness in the optimization process. The randomness may be present as ...