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The thinnest sequence which contains 1, and whenever it contains x, also contains 2x, 3x+2, and 6x+3: 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, ... (OEIS A005658).

Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with Gödel number x, where (1) is normally omitted. Then if g is a partial recursive function, there exists an ...

A theorem, also called the iteration theorem, that makes use of the lambda notation introduced by Church. Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with ...

The partial differential equation 1/(c^2)(partial^2psi)/(partialt^2)=(partial^2psi)/(partialx^2)-mu^2psi (1) that arises in mathematical physics. The quasilinear Klein-Gordon ...

A finitely generated discontinuous group of linear fractional transformations z->(az+b)/(cz+d) acting on a domain in the complex plane. The Apollonian gasket corresponds to a ...

Given a sum and a set of weights, find the weights which were used to generate the sum. The values of the weights are then encrypted in the sum. This system relies on the ...

For every k>=1, let C_k be the set of composite numbers n>k such that if 1<a<n, GCD(a,n)=1 (where GCD is the greatest common divisor), then a^(n-k)=1 (mod n). Special cases ...

Let R^3 be the space in which a knot K sits. Then the space "around" the knot, i.e., everything but the knot itself, is denoted R^3-K and is called the knot complement of K ...

The least genus of any Seifert surface for a given knot. The unknot is the only knot with genus 0. Usually, one denotes by g(K) the genus of the knot K. The knot genus has ...

Given a knot diagram, it is possible to construct a collection of variables and equations, and given such a collection, a group naturally arises that is known as the group of ...