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A function f(x_1,...,x_n) of one or more variables whose range is one-dimensional, as compared to a vector function, whose range is three-dimensional (or, in general, ...

A diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements all contain the same scalar lambda. A scalar matrix is therefore equivalent to lambdaI, where I is the identity matrix.

Scalar multiplication refers to the multiplication of a vector by a constant s, producing a vector in the same (for s>0) or opposite (for s<0) direction but of different ...

A conservative vector field (for which the curl del xF=0) may be assigned a scalar potential where int_CF·ds is a line integral.

An operator relating the past asymptotic state of a dynamical system governed by the Schrödinger equation id/(dt)psi(t)=Hpsi(t) to its future asymptotic state.

The mathematical study of the scattering operator and Schrödinger equation.

A local-ringed space which is locally isomorphic to an affine scheme.

A correspondence between a permutation and a pair of Young tableaux.

A definition of a function using a contour integral. Schläfli integrals may be converted into Rodrigues representations.

For R[z]>0, where J_nu(z) is a Bessel function of the first kind.