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Let delta=z>=z_(observed). A value 0<=alpha<=1 such that P(delta)<=alpha is considered "significant" (i.e., is not simply due to chance) is known as an alpha value. The ...

Significance arithmetic is the arithmetic of approximate numerical quantities that not only keeps track of numerical results, but also uses error propagation to track their ...

In floating-point arithmetic, the significand is a component of a finite floating-point number containing its significant digits. Generally speaking, the significand can be ...

When a number is expressed in scientific notation, the number of significant digits (or significant figures) is the number of digits needed to express the number to within ...

The silver constant is the algebraic number given by S = (x^3-5x^2+6x-1)_3 (1) = 2+2cos(2/7pi) (2) = 3.246979603... (3) (OEIS A116425), where (P(x))_n denotes a polynomial ...

The silver ratio is the quantity defined by the continued fraction delta_S = [2,2,2,...] (1) = 2+1/(2+1/(2+1/(2+...))) (2) (Wall 1948, p. 24). It follows that ...

Two square matrices A and B that are related by B=X^(-1)AX, (1) where X is a square nonsingular matrix are said to be similar. A transformation of the form X^(-1)AX is called ...

Given a set P with |P|=p elements consisting of c_1 numbers 1, c_2 numbers 2, ..., and c_n numbers n and c_1+c_2+...+c_n=p, find the number of permutations with k-1 rises ...

A simple function is a finite sum sum_(i)a_ichi_(A_i), where the functions chi_(A_i) are characteristic functions on a set A. Another description of a simple function is a ...

Simple harmonic motion refers to the periodic sinusoidal oscillation of an object or quantity. Simple harmonic motion is executed by any quantity obeying the differential ...