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Diagonalize a form over the rationals to diag[p^a·A,p^b·B,...], where all the entries are integers and A, B, ... are relatively prime to p. Then the p-signature of the form ...

An incidence system (v, k, lambda, r, b) in which a set X of v points is partitioned into a family A of b subsets (blocks) in such a way that any two points determine lambda ...

A conic projection of points on a unit sphere centered at O consists of extending the line OS for each point S until it intersects a cone with apex A which tangent to the ...

The map projection having transformation equations x = (lambda-lambda_0)cosphi_s (1) y = sinphisecphi_s (2) for the normal aspect, where lambda is the longitude, lambda_0 is ...

A cylindrical projection of points on a unit sphere centered at O consists of extending the line OS for each point S until it intersects a cylinder tangent to the sphere at ...

A graph is a forbidden minor if its presence as a graph minor of a given graph means it is not a member of some family of graphs. More generally, there may be a family of ...

A projection which maps a sphere (or spheroid) onto a plane. Map projections are generally classified into groups according to common properties (cylindrical vs. conical, ...

The Mercator projection is a map projection that was widely used for navigation since loxodromes are straight lines (although great circles are curved). The following ...

A closed planar quadrilateral with opposite sides of equal lengths a and b, and with four right angles. A square is a degenerate rectangle with a=b. The area of the rectangle ...

A plot of a function expressed in polar coordinates, with radius r as a function of angle theta. Polar plots can be drawn in the Wolfram Language using PolarPlot[r, {t, tmin, ...