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In the Minkowski space of special relativity, a four-vector is a four-element vector x^mu=(x^0,x^1,x^2,x^3) that transforms under a Lorentz transformation like the position ...

Transitivity is a result of the symmetry in the group. A group G is called transitive if its group action (understood to be a subgroup of a permutation group on a set Omega) ...

A quadratic equation is a second-order polynomial equation in a single variable x ax^2+bx+c=0, (1) with a!=0. Because it is a second-order polynomial equation, the ...

The Gegenbauer polynomials C_n^((lambda))(x) are solutions to the Gegenbauer differential equation for integer n. They are generalizations of the associated Legendre ...

Keller conjectured that tiling an n-dimensional space with n-dimensional hypercubes of equal size yields an arrangement in which at least two hypercubes have an entire ...

The maximum number of regions that can be created by n cuts using space division by planes, cube division by planes, cylinder cutting, etc., is given by N_(max)=1/6(n^3+5n+6) ...

The average number of regions into which n randomly chosen planes divide a cube is N^_(n)=1/(324)(2n+23)n(n-1)pi+n+1 (Finch 2003, p. 482). The maximum number of regions is ...

The maximum number of pieces into which a cylinder can be divided by n oblique cuts is given by f(n) = (n+1; 3)+n+1 (1) = 1/6(n+1)(n^2-n+6) (2) = 1/6(n^3+5n+6), (3) where (a; ...

A discrete group is a topological group with the discrete topology. Often in practice, discrete groups arise as discrete subgroups of continuous Lie groups acting on a ...

The divergence theorem, more commonly known especially in older literature as Gauss's theorem (e.g., Arfken 1985) and also known as the Gauss-Ostrogradsky theorem, is a ...