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Somos defines a rational triangle as a triangle such that all three sides measured relative to each other are rational. Koblitz (1993) defined a congruent number as an ...

The nth Suzanne set S_n is defined as the set of composite numbers x for which n|S(x) and n|S_p(x), where x = a_0+a_1(10^1)+...+a_d(10^d) (1) = p_1p_2...p_m, (2) and S(x) = ...

An almost integer is a number that is very close to an integer. Near-solutions to Fermat's last theorem provide a number of high-profile almost integers. In the season 7, ...

The integer sequence 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 7, 5, 8, 7, 10, 8, 12, 10, 14, 12, 16, 14, 19, 16, 21, 19, ... (OEIS A005044) given by the coefficients of the ...

Take K a number field and L an Abelian extension, then form a prime divisor m that is divided by all ramified primes of the extension L/K. Now define a map phi_(L/K) from the ...

Consider the circle map. If K is nonzero, then the motion is periodic in some finite region surrounding each rational Omega. This execution of periodic motion in response to ...

A connected set is a set that cannot be partitioned into two nonempty subsets which are open in the relative topology induced on the set. Equivalently, it is a set which ...

Baillie and Wagstaff (1980) and Pomerance et al. (1980, Pomerance 1984) proposed a test (or rather a related set of tests) based on a combination of strong pseudoprimes and ...

The rascal triangle is a number triangle with numbers arranged in staggered rows such that a_(n,r)=n(r-n)+1. (1) The published study of this triangle seems to have originated ...

There exist infinitely many odd integers k such that k·2^n-1 is composite for every n>=1. Numbers k with this property are called Riesel numbers, while analogous numbers with ...