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The Alexander invariant H_*(X^~) of a knot K is the homology of the infinite cyclic cover of the complement of K, considered as a module over Lambda, the ring of integral ...

An algebraic group is a variety (or scheme) endowed with a group structure such that the group operations are morphisms of varieties (or schemes). The concept is similar to ...

An arithmetic function is a function f(n) defined for all n in N, usually taken to be complex-valued, so that f:N->C (Jones and Jones 1998, p. 143). An alternative definition ...

Given a complex Hilbert space H with associated space L(H) of continuous linear operators from H to itself, the bicommutant M^('') of an arbitrary subset M subset= L(H) is ...

The circular points at infinity, also called the isotropic points, are the pair of (complex) points on the line at infinity through which all circles pass. The circular ...

Given a complex Hilbert space H with associated space L(H) of continuous linear operators from H to itself, the commutant M^' of an arbitrary subset M subset= L(H) is the ...

The computational paradigm is a term introduced by Wolfram (2002, 2021) to describe the idea of using simple programs rather than mathematical equations (the latter of which ...

Two elements alpha, beta of a field K, which is an extension field of a field F, are called conjugate (over F) if they are both algebraic over F and have the same minimal ...

A series suma(n)e^(-lambda(n)z), where a(n) and z are complex and {lambda(n)} is a monotonic increasing sequence of real numbers. The numbers lambda(n) are called the ...

Let S be a semigroup and alpha a positive real-valued function on S such that alpha(st)<=alpha(s)alpha(t) (s,t in S). If l^1(S,alpha) is the set of all complex-valued ...