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A function f(x) is completely convex in an open interval (a,b) if it has derivatives of all orders there and if (-1)^kf^((2k))(x)>=0 for k=0, 1, 2, ... in that interval ...

A set of numbers a_0, a_1, ..., a_(m-1) (mod m) form a complete set of residues, also called a covering system, if they satisfy a_i=i (mod m) for i=0, 1, ..., m-1. For ...

A graph is k-edge-connected if there does not exist a set of k-1 edges whose removal disconnects the graph (Skiena 1990, p. 177). The maximum edge connectivity of a given ...

A n-dipyramidal graph is the skeleton of an n-sided dipyramid. It is isomorphic to the (m,2)-cone graph C_m+K^__2, where C_m is a cycle graph, K^__2 is the empty graph on 2 ...

A simple directed graph is a directed graph having no multiple edges or graph loops (corresponding to a binary adjacency matrix with 0s on the diagonal). The number of simple ...

The radius of a graph is the minimum graph eccentricity of any graph vertex in a graph. A disconnected graph therefore has infinite radius (West 2000, p. 71). Graph radius is ...

The banner graph is the (4,1)-tadpole graph illustrated above. It could perhaps also be termed the 'P graph.' It is implemented in the Wolfram Language as ...

The graph diameter of a graph is the length max_(u,v)d(u,v) of the "longest shortest path" (i.e., the longest graph geodesic) between any two graph vertices (u,v), where ...

A mixed graph in which both directed and undirected edges may exist. If only directed edges exist, the graph is called a directed graph. If only undirected edges exist, it is ...

The A graph is the graph on 6 vertices illustrated above. Unfortunately, at least one author (Farrugia 1999, p. 2) uses the term "A-graph" to refer to the 5-node bull graph. ...