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Elementary methods consist of arithmetic, geometry, and high school algebra. These are the only tools that may be used in the branch of number theory known as elementary ...

One of the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and integer (or rational) root extraction.

The parallel curves for (outward) offset k of an ellipse with semi-axis lengths a and b are given by x_p = (a+(bk)/(sqrt(a^2sin^2t+b^2cos^2t)))cost (1) y_p = ...

The second singular value k_2, corresponding to K^'(k_2)=sqrt(2)K(k_2), (1) is given by k_2 = tan(pi/8) (2) = sqrt(2)-1 (3) k_2^' = sqrt(2)(sqrt(2)-1). (4) For this modulus, ...

An equilateral triangle is a triangle with all three sides of equal length a, corresponding to what could also be known as a "regular" triangle. An equilateral triangle is ...

A binomial coefficient (N; k) is said to be exceptional if lpf(N; k)>N/k. The following table gives the exception binomial coefficients which are also good binomial ...

Exotic cohomology is a cohomology theory that extends index theory to a larger class of manifolds.

Consider a function f(x) in one dimension. If f(x) has a relative extremum at x_0, then either f^'(x_0)=0 or f is not differentiable at x_0. Either the first or second ...

The probability that two events will both happen is hk, where h is the probability that the first event will happen, and k is the probability that the second event will ...

The first Morley center is the center of Morley's circle. It has triangle center function alpha_(356)=cos(1/3A)+2cos(1/3B)cos(1/3C) and is Kimberling center X_(356).