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A class is a generalized set invented to get around Russell's antinomy while retaining the arbitrary criteria for membership which leads to difficulty for sets. The members ...

A dissection fallacy is an apparent paradox arising when two plane figures with different areas seem to be composed by the same finite set of parts. In order to produce this ...

A straightedge with markings to indicate distances. Although geometric constructions are sometimes said to be performed with a ruler and compass, the term straightedge is ...

A longimeter is a transparent sheet of plastic with a regular grid of lines inclined at an angle of 30 degrees to the sides of the sheet. By counting the number of squares ...

A fractal is an object or quantity that displays self-similarity, in a somewhat technical sense, on all scales. The object need not exhibit exactly the same structure at all ...

Informally, a situation in which a decision must be made from several alternatives, none of which is obviously the optimal one. In formal logic, a dilemma is a specific type ...

A term in social choice theory meaning invariance of a result under permutation of voters.

A property of a space which is also true of each of its subspaces. Being "first-countable" is hereditary, but having a given genus is not.

(1) Based on or involving trial and error. (2) Convincing without being rigorous.

A multivariate polynomial (i.e., a polynomial in more than one variable) with all terms having the same degree. For example, x^3+xyz+y^2z+z^3 is a homogeneous polynomial of ...