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The margin of error is an estimate of a confidence interval for a given measurement, result, etc. and is frequently cited in statistics. While phrases such as, "The poll has ...

A univariate function f(x) is said to be odd provided that f(-x)=-f(x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the origin. Examples of odd functions include x, ...

A power series sum^(infty)c_kx^k will converge only for certain values of x. For instance, sum_(k=0)^(infty)x^k converges for -1<x<1. In general, there is always an interval ...

Determinants are mathematical objects that are very useful in the analysis and solution of systems of linear equations. As shown by Cramer's rule, a nonhomogeneous system of ...

A Pisot number is a positive algebraic integer greater than 1 all of whose conjugate elements have absolute value less than 1. A real quadratic algebraic integer greater than ...

The exterior derivative of a function f is the one-form df=sum_(i)(partialf)/(partialx_i)dx_i (1) written in a coordinate chart (x_1,...,x_n). Thinking of a function as a ...

A Jordan curve is a plane curve which is topologically equivalent to (a homeomorphic image of) the unit circle, i.e., it is simple and closed. It is not known if every Jordan ...

Poincaré's lemma says that on a contractible manifold, all closed forms are exact. While d^2=0 implies that all exact forms are closed, it is not always true that all closed ...

Branch and bound algorithms are a variety of adaptive partition strategies have been proposed to solve global optimization models. These are based upon partition, sampling, ...

The Darboux integral, also called a Darboux-Stieltjes integral, is a variant of the Stieltjes integral that is defined as a common value for the lower and upper Darboux ...