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The unknot, also called the trivial knot (Rolfsen 1976, p. 51), is a closed loop that is not knotted. In the 1930s Reidemeister first proved that knots exist which are ...

A knot property, also called the twist number, defined as the sum of crossings p of a link L, w(L)=sum_(p in C(L))epsilon(p), (1) where epsilon(p) defined to be +/-1 if the ...

A connective in logic known as the "exclusive or," or exclusive disjunction. It yields true if exactly one (but not both) of two conditions is true. The XOR operation does ...

A schematic mathematical illustration showing the relationships between or properties of mathematical objects.

An early name for calculus of variations. The term is also sometimes used in place of predicate calculus.

Given three circles, each intersecting the other two in two points, the line segments connecting their points of intersection satisfy (ace)/(bdf)=1 (Honsberger 1995).

A quantified system of real algebraic equations and inequalities in variables {x_1,...,x_n} is an expression QS=Q_1(y_1)Q_2(y_2)...Q_m(y_m)S(x_1,...,x_n;y_1,...,y_m), where Q ...

The triquetra is a geometric figure consisting of three mutually intersecting vesica piscis lens shapes, as illustrated above. The central region common to all three lenses ...

A (general, asymmetric) lens is a lamina formed by the intersection of two offset disks of unequal radii such that the intersection is not empty, one disk does not completely ...

The mapping of a grid of regularly ruled squares onto a cone with no overlap or misalignment. Cone nets are possible for vertex angles of 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 ...