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Let a_n and b_n be the perimeters of the circumscribed and inscribed n-gon and a_(2n) and b_(2n) the perimeters of the circumscribed and inscribed 2n-gon. Then a_(2n) = ...

A k-automatic set is a set of integers whose base-k representations form a regular language, i.e., a language accepted by a finite automaton or state machine. If bases a and ...

The bead-sorting algorithm orders a list of a positive integers increasingly by representing numbers as a list of a 1s, where each 1 stands for a bead. The k initial integers ...

Bicentric perspective is the study of the projection of 3D space from a pair of fiducial points instead of a single one, the latter of which may be called "centric" or ...

A searching algorithm which works on a sorted table by testing the middle of an interval, eliminating the half of the table in which the key cannot lie, and then repeating ...

Birthday attacks are a class of brute-force techniques used in an attempt to solve a class of cryptographic hash function problems. These methods take advantage of functions ...

The number of binary bits necessary to represent a number, given explicitly by BL(n) = 1+|_lgn_| (1) = [lg(n+1)], (2) where [x] is the ceiling function, |_x_| is the floor ...

Bit rate (i.e., bits per second, abbreviated bps) is a measure of the number of data bits (digital 0s and 1s) transmitted each second in a digital communications channel. If ...

The qubit |psi>=a|0>+b|1> can be represented as a point (theta,phi) on a unit sphere called the Bloch sphere. Define the angles theta and phi by letting a=cos(theta/2) and ...

The Wolfram Physics Project posits the existence of abstract relations between atoms of space whose pattern defines the structure of physical space. In this approach, two ...