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Does there exist an algorithm for deciding whether or not a specific mathematical assertion does or does not have a proof? The decision problem is also known as the ...

An efficient version of the Walsh transform that requires O(nlnn) operations instead of the n^2 required for a direct Walsh transform (Wolfram 2002, p. 1072).

One of the beautiful arrangements of circles found at the Temple of Osiris at Abydos, Egypt (Rawles 1997). The pattern also appears in Phoenician art from the 9th century BC ...

A theorem, also called the iteration theorem, that makes use of the lambda notation introduced by Church. Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with ...

A finitely generated discontinuous group of linear fractional transformations z->(az+b)/(cz+d) acting on a domain in the complex plane. The Apollonian gasket corresponds to a ...

The value of the 2^0 bit in a binary number. For the sequence of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., the least significant bits are therefore the alternating sequence 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, ...

A class of automata similar to cellular automata but which have a single "active" cell instead of updating all cells in parallel. In a mobile automaton, the evolution rules ...

A plot of the cells on a grid satisfying bitwise XOR(a,b)<n for consecutive values of n=1, 2, .... It is thought that it was discovered by Jackson Wright on the RLE PDP-1 ...

The nested radical constant is the constant defined by C = sqrt(1+sqrt(2+sqrt(3+sqrt(4+sqrt(5+...))))) (1) = 1.75793275... (2) (OEIS A072449). No closed-form expression is ...

A function H that maps an arbitrary length message M to a fixed length message digest MD is a one-way hash function if 1. It is a one-way function. 2. Given M and H(M), it is ...