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Salem constants, sometimes also called Salem numbers, are a set of numbers of which each point of a Pisot number is a limit point from both sides (Salem 1945). The Salem ...

The Lyapunov characteristic exponent [LCE] gives the rate of exponential divergence from perturbed initial conditions. To examine the behavior of an orbit around a point ...

The space join of a topological space X and a point P, C(X)=X*P.

A set S is discrete in a larger topological space X if every point x in S has a neighborhood U such that S intersection U={x}. The points of S are then said to be isolated ...

For a nonzero real number r and a triangle DeltaABC, swing line segment BC about the vertex B towards vertex A through an angle rB. Call the line along the rotated segment L. ...

The orthojoin of a point X=l:m:n is defined as the orthopole of the corresponding trilinear line lalpha+mbeta+ngamma. In other words, the orthojoin of Kimberling center X_i ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

A hyperboloid is a quadratic surface which may be one- or two-sheeted. The one-sheeted hyperboloid is a surface of revolution obtained by rotating a hyperbola about the ...

Roughly speaking, isospectral manifolds are drums that sound the same, i.e., have the same eigenfrequency spectrum. Two drums with differing area, perimeter, or genus can ...

For every positive integer n, there exists a sphere which has exactly n lattice points on its surface. The sphere is given by the equation ...