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A data structure designed to allow repeated extraction of the smallest remaining key (Skiena 1990, p. 38).

A slightly archaic term for a computer-generated random number. The prefix pseudo- is used to distinguish this type of number from a "truly" random number generated by a ...

Let t, u, and v be the lengths of the tangents to a circle C from the vertices of a triangle with sides of lengths a, b, and c. Then the condition that C is tangent to the ...

A plane figure consisting of four points, each of which is joined to two other points by a line segment (where the line segments may intersect). A quadrangle may therefore be ...

R^+ denotes the real positive numbers.

The radian is a unit of angular measure defined such that an angle of one radian subtended from the center of a unit circle produces an arc with arc length 1. A full angle is ...

"The rationals" refers to the set of rational numbers and is commonly denoted Q.

Given a rectangle BCDE, draw EF=DE on an extension of BE. Bisect BF and call the midpoint G. Now draw a semicircle centered at G, and construct the extension of ED which ...

An area-minimizing surface (rectifiable current) bounded by a smooth curve in R^3 is a smooth submanifold with boundary.

The ratio of the absolute frequency to the total number of data points in a frequency distribution.