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The expected value B_n(s) of r^s from a fixed vertex of a unit n-cube to a point picked at random in the interior of the hypercube is given by B_n(s) = ...

The hypotenuse of a right triangle is the triangle's longest side, i.e., the side opposite the right angle. The word derives from the Greek hypo- ("under") and teinein ("to ...

The radical of an ideal a in a ring R is the ideal which is the intersection of all prime ideals containing a. Note that any ideal is contained in a maximal ideal, which is ...

An identity is a mathematical relationship equating one quantity to another (which may initially appear to be different).

The inverse Gaussian distribution, also known as the Wald distribution, is the distribution over [0,infty) with probability density function and distribution function given ...

An authalic latitude which is directly proportional to the spacing of parallels of latitude from the equator on an ellipsoidal Mercator projection. It is defined by ...

A representation of a Lie algebra g is a linear transformation psi:g->M(V), where M(V) is the set of all linear transformations of a vector space V. In particular, if V=R^n, ...

Line segment picking is the process of picking line segments at random within a given shape in the plane, in space, or in a higher dimension. The most natural definition of a ...

Let P be a class of (universal) algebras. Then an algebra A is a local P-algebra provided that every finitely generated subalgebra F of A is a member of the class P. Note ...

A topological space X is locally compact if every point has a neighborhood which is itself contained in a compact set. Many familiar topological spaces are locally compact, ...