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A map projection which is a conformal mapping, i.e., one for which local (infinitesimal) angles on a sphere are mapped to the same angles in the projection. On maps of an ...

There are at least two meanings on the word congruent in mathematics. Two geometric figures are said to be congruent if one can be transformed into the other by an isometry ...

A space D is connected if any two points in D can be connected by a curve lying wholly within D. A space is 0-connected (a.k.a. pathwise-connected) if every map from a ...

A general mathematical property obeyed by mathematical objects in which all elements are within a neighborhood of nearby points. The continuous maps between topological ...

A set in Euclidean space R^d is convex set if it contains all the line segments connecting any pair of its points. If the set does not contain all the line segments, it is ...

The cototient of a positive number n is defined as n-phi(n), where n is the totient function. It is therefore the number of positive integers <=n that have at least one prime ...

Critical damping is a special case of damped simple harmonic motion x^..+betax^.+omega_0^2x=0, (1) in which D=beta^2-4omega_0^2=0, (2) where beta is the damping constant. ...

Let n points xi_1, ..., xi_n be randomly distributed on a domain S, and let H be some event that depends on the positions of the n points. Let S^' be a domain slightly ...

A coordinate system composed of intersecting surfaces. If the intersections are all at right angles, then the curvilinear coordinates are said to form an orthogonal ...

Let j_k(alpha) denote the number of cycles of length k for a permutation alpha expressed as a product of disjoint cycles. The cycle index Z(X) of a permutation group X of ...