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As proved by Sierpiński (1960), there exist infinitely many positive odd numbers k such that k·2^n+1 is composite for every n>=1. Numbers k with this property are called ...

Multivariable calculus is the branch of calculus that studies functions of more than one variable. Partial derivatives and multiple integrals are the generalizations of ...

Let f be a finite real-valued function defined on an interval [a,b]. Then at every point in [a,b] except on a set of Lebesgue measure zero, either: 1. There is a finite ...

The conjecture that Frey's elliptic curve was not modular. The conjecture was quickly proved by Ribet (Ribet's theorem) in 1986, and was an important step in the proof of ...

Unlike quadratic, cubic, and quartic polynomials, the general quintic cannot be solved algebraically in terms of a finite number of additions, subtractions, multiplications, ...

A requirement necessary for a given statement or theorem to hold. Also called a criterion.

The 5.1.2 fifth-order Diophantine equation A^5=B^5+C^5 (1) is a special case of Fermat's last theorem with n=5, and so has no solution. improving on the results on Lander et ...

Arrow's paradox, also called Arrow's impossibility theorem or the general possibility theorem, states that perfect democratic voting is impossible, not just in practice but ...

The rule (F,F=>G)/G, where => means "implies," which is the sole rule of inference in propositional calculus. This rule states that if each of F and F=>G is either an axiom ...

A type of mathematical result which is considered by most logicians as more natural than the metamathematical incompleteness results first discovered by Gödel. Finite ...