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Arrow's paradox, also called Arrow's impossibility theorem or the general possibility theorem, states that perfect democratic voting is impossible, not just in practice but ...

The rule (F,F=>G)/G, where => means "implies," which is the sole rule of inference in propositional calculus. This rule states that if each of F and F=>G is either an axiom ...

A type of mathematical result which is considered by most logicians as more natural than the metamathematical incompleteness results first discovered by Gödel. Finite ...

One name for the figure used by Euclid to prove the Pythagorean theorem. It is sometimes also known as the "windmill."

One name for the figure used by Euclid to prove the Pythagorean theorem.

A metric space X is boundedly compact if all closed bounded subsets of X are compact. Every boundedly compact metric space is complete. (This is a generalization of the ...

Every odd integer n is a prime or the sum of three primes. This problem is closely related to Vinogradov's theorem.

If the first case of Fermat's last theorem is false for the prime exponent p, then 3^(p-1)=1 (mod p^2).

A specific type of ultraproduct that can be used to construct nonstandard universes and obtain the transfer principle as a corollary of Łoś' theorem for ultraproducts.

The 10_3 configuration of ten lines intersecting three at a time in 10 points which arises in Desargues' theorem. Its Levi graph is the Desargues graph.