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A Gaussian quadrature-like formula over the interval [-1,1] which has weighting function W(x)=x. The general formula is int_(-1)^1xf(x)dx=sum_(i=1)^nw_i[f(x_i)-f(-x_i)]. n ...

Let r and s be positive integers which are relatively prime and let a and b be any two integers. Then there is an integer N such that N=a (mod r) (1) and N=b (mod s). (2) ...

A general class of means introduced by Italian mathematician Oscar Chisini (pronounced keeseenee) in 1929. Given a function of n variables f(x_1,...,x_n), the Chisini mean of ...

A cipher is an algorithm that converts data (plaintext) to an obfuscated form that is not directly readable. Ciphers are usually used with the intention of hiding the ...

The circle method is a method employed by Hardy, Ramanujan, and Littlewood to solve many asymptotic problems in additive number theory, particularly in deriving an asymptotic ...

A linear operator A:D(A)->H from its domain D(A) into a Hilbert space H is closable if it has a closed extension B:D(B)->H where D(A) subset D(B). Closable operators are ...

Two geometric figures are said to be concentric if their centers coincide. The region between two concentric circles is called an annulus. The following table summarizes some ...

There are several meanings of the word content in mathematics. The content of a polytope or other n-dimensional object is its generalized volume (i.e., its "hypervolume"). ...

The Cramér conjecture is the unproven conjecture that lim sup_(n->infty)(p_(n+1)-p_n)/((lnp_n)^2)=1, where p_n is the nth prime.

The science of adversarial information protection.