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For p an odd prime and a positive integer a which is not a multiple of p, a^((p-1)/2)=(a/p) (mod p), where (a|p) is the Legendre symbol.

The triangle of numbers A_(n,k) given by A_(n,1)=A_(n,n)=1 (1) and the recurrence relation A_(n+1,k)=kA_(n,k)+(n+2-k)A_(n,k-1) (2) for k in [2,n], where A_(n,k) are shifted ...

The exponential factorial is defined by the recurrence relation a_n=n^(a_(n-1)), (1) where a_0=1. The first few terms are therefore a_1 = 1 (2) a_2 = 2^1=2 (3) a_3 = ...

The Fibonacci factorial constant is the constant appearing in the asymptotic growth of the fibonorials (aka. Fibonacci factorials) n!_F. It is given by the infinite product ...

A field automorphism of a field F is a bijective map sigma:F->F that preserves all of F's algebraic properties, more precisely, it is an isomorphism. For example, complex ...

The two-dimensional Hammersley point set of order m is defined by taking all numbers in the range from 0 to 2^m-1 and interpreting them as binary fractions. Calling these ...

Let alpha_i and A_i be algebraic numbers such that the A_is differ from zero and the alpha_is differ from each other. Then the expression ...

For any two nonzero p-adic numbers a and b, the Hilbert symbol is defined as (a,b)={1 if z^2=ax^2+by^2 has a nonzero solution; -1 otherwise. (1) If the p-adic field is not ...

A law is a mathematical statement which always holds true. Whereas "laws" in physics are generally experimental observations backed up by theoretical underpinning, laws in ...

The Littlewood conjecture states that for any two real numbers x,y in R, lim inf_(n->infty)n|nx-nint(nx)||ny-nint(ny)|=0 where nint(z) denotes the nearest integer function. ...