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A ball of radius 1.

A transformation of the form A^'=UAU^(H), where U^(H) denotes the conjugate transpose.

Capable of taking on exactly one possible value.

A function of a single variable (e.g., f(x), g(z), theta(xi), etc.).

A polynomial in a single variable, e.g., P(x)=a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0, as opposed to a multivariate polynomial.

A homogeneous ideal defining a projective algebraic variety is unmixed if it has no embedded prime divisors.

A formula whose truth table contains only false in any interpretation is called unsatisfiable.

Kepler's original name for the small stellated dodecahedron.

If s_x is the standard deviation of a set of samples x_i and x^_ their mean, then the variation coefficient is defined as V=(s_x)/(x^_).

The magnitude (length) of a vector x=(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) is given by |x|=sqrt(x_1^2+x_2^2+...+x_n^2).