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The Newton-Cotes formulas are an extremely useful and straightforward family of numerical integration techniques. To integrate a function f(x) over some interval [a,b], ...

The rectilinear crossing number of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings in a straight line embedding of G in a plane. It is variously denoted rcr(G), cr^_(G) ...

A (0,1)-matrix is an integer matrix in which each element is a 0 or 1. It is also called a logical matrix, binary matrix, relation matrix, or Boolean matrix. The number of ...

A Boolean algebra is a mathematical structure that is similar to a Boolean ring, but that is defined using the meet and join operators instead of the usual addition and ...

The two functions theta(x) and psi(x) defined below are known as the Chebyshev functions. The function theta(x) is defined by theta(x) = sum_(k=1)^(pi(x))lnp_k (1) = ...

The chromatic number of a graph G is the smallest number of colors needed to color the vertices of G so that no two adjacent vertices share the same color (Skiena 1990, p. ...

If two numbers b and c have the property that their difference b-c is integrally divisible by a number m (i.e., (b-c)/m is an integer), then b and c are said to be "congruent ...

The term "cylinder" has a number of related meanings. In its most general usage, the word "cylinder" refers to a solid bounded by a closed generalized cylinder (a.k.a. ...

A special function which is given by the logarithmic derivative of the gamma function (or, depending on the definition, the logarithmic derivative of the factorial). Because ...

The distinct prime factors of a positive integer n>=2 are defined as the omega(n) numbers p_1, ..., p_(omega(n)) in the prime factorization ...