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A member of the smallest algebraically closed subfield L of C which is closed under the exponentiation and logarithm operations.

The name Lobachevsky's function is sometimes given to the function Lambda(theta)=1/2Cl_2(2theta), also denoted Pi(theta), where Cl_2(x) is Clausen's integral.

A triangular matrix L of the form L_(ij)={a_(ij) for i>=j; 0 for i<j. (1) Written explicitly, L=[a_(11) 0 ... 0; a_(21) a_(22) ... 0; | | ... 0; a_(n1) a_(n2) ... a_(nn)]. ...

The MacBeath circle, a term coined here for the first time, is the circumcircle of the MacBeath triangle. It has a fairly complicated radius, center function, and circle ...

In abstract topology, a machine is method for producing infinite loop spaces and spectra. In automata theory, an abstract machine that is implemented in hardware is simply ...

An infinite-dimensional differential calculus on the Wiener space, also called stochastic calculus of variations.

For a real number x, the mantissa is defined as the positive fractional part x-|_x_|=frac(x), where |_x_| denotes the floor function. For example, for x=3.14159, the mantissa ...

If x takes only nonnegative values, then P(x>=a)<=(<x>)/a. (1) To prove the theorem, write <x> = int_0^inftyxP(x)dx (2) = int_0^axP(x)dx+int_a^inftyxP(x)dx. (3) Since P(x) is ...

If a matrix group is reducible, then it is completely reducible, i.e., if the matrix group is equivalent to the matrix group in which every matrix has the reduced form ...

Denote the sum of two matrices A and B (of the same dimensions) by C=A+B. The sum is defined by adding entries with the same indices c_(ij)=a_(ij)+b_(ij) over all i and j. ...