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A ring is commutative if the multiplication operation is commutative.

An associative ring, also called a Hecke ring, which has a technical definition in terms of commensurable subgroups.

A relation R on a set S is transitive provided that for all x, y and z in S such that xRy and yRz, we also have xRz.

The term Bol loop refers to either of two classes of algebraic loops satisfying the so-called Bol identities. In particular, a left Bol loop is an algebraic loop L which, for ...

A nonassociative algebra named after physicist Pascual Jordan which satisfies xy=yx (1) and (xx)(xy)=x((xx)y)). (2) The latter is equivalent to the so-called Jordan identity ...

The unique magic square of order three. The Lo Shu is an associative magic square, but not a panmagic square.

The set of octonions, also sometimes called Cayley numbers and denoted O, consists of the elements in a Cayley algebra. A typical octonion is of the form ...

The quotient space K^__1A=K_1A/{0,[-1]} of the Whitehead group K_1A is known as the reduced Whitehead group. Here, the element [-1] in K_1A denotes the order-2 element ...

An expression is called "well-defined" (or "unambiguous") if its definition assigns it a unique interpretation or value. Otherwise, the expression is said to not be ...

Trigonometry