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The symbol +/- is used to denote a quantity which should be both added and subtracted, as in a+/-b. The symbol can be used to denote a range of uncertainty, or to denote a ...

The ratio X_1/X_2 of uniform variates X_1 and X_2 on the interval [0,1] can be found directly as P_(X_1/X_2)(u) = int_0^1int_0^1delta((x_1)/(x_2)-u)dx_1dx_2 (1) = ...

Given two intersecting lines, the two nonadjacent angles with the same vertex are said to be vertical angles. One can easily prove that vertical angles are congruent. Some ...

For a braid with M strands, R components, P positive crossings, and N negative crossings, {P-N<=U_++M-R if P>=N; P-N<=U_-+M-R if P<=N, (1) where U_+/- are the smallest number ...

The harmonic parameter of a polyhedron is the weighted mean of the distances d_i from a fixed interior point to the faces, where the weights are the areas A_i of the faces, ...

The golden ratio, also known as the divine proportion, golden mean, or golden section, is a number often encountered when taking the ratios of distances in simple geometric ...

The n-ball, denoted B^n, is the interior of a sphere S^(n-1), and sometimes also called the n-disk. (Although physicists often use the term "sphere" to mean the solid ball, ...

Let S_n be the sum of n random variates X_i with a Bernoulli distribution with P(X_i=1)=p_i. Then sum_(k=0)^infty|P(S_n=k)-(e^(-lambda)lambda^k)/(k!)|<2sum_(i=1)^np_i^2, ...

Let chi be a nonprincipal number theoretic character over Z/Zn. Then for any integer h, |sum_(x=1)^hchi(x)|<=2sqrt(n)lnn.

Given T an unbiased estimator of theta so that <T>=theta. Then var(T)>=1/(Nint_(-infty)^infty[(partial(lnf))/(partialtheta)]^2fdx), where var is the variance.