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A unique factorization domain, called UFD for short, is any integral domain in which every nonzero noninvertible element has a unique factorization, i.e., an essentially ...

Following Yates (1980), a prime p such that 1/p is a repeating decimal with decimal period shared with no other prime is called a unique prime. For example, 3, 11, 37, and ...

A unit fraction is a fraction with numerator 1. Examples of unit fractions include 1/2, 1/3, 1/12, and 1/123456. The famous Rhind papyrus, dated to around 1650 BC, discusses ...

Pre-Algebra

Given two starting numbers (a_1,a_2), the following table gives the unique sequences {a_i} that contain no three-term arithmetic progressions. Sloane sequence A003278 1, 2, ...

One form of van der Waerden's theorem states that for all positive integers k and r, there exists a constant n(r,k) such that if n_0>=n(r,k) and {1,2,...,n_0} subset C_1 ...

The ABC (atom-bond connectivity) energy of a graph is defined as the graph energy of its ABC matrix, i.e., the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its ABC matrix.

The ABC (atom-bond connectivity) index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its ABC matrix. It was introduced by Estrada et al. (2017) to model the ...

A cryptarithmetic in which the letters used to represent distinct digits are derived from related words or meaningful phrases. The term was coined by Hunter in 1955 (Madachy ...

Given a function f(x) plotted in the Cartesian plane as y=f(x), the average rate of change (or average rate of change function) of f from x to a is given by ...