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Let G be a group of group order h and D be a set of k elements of G. If the set of differences d_i-d_j contains every nonzero element of G exactly lambda times, then D is a ...

Differential entropy differs from normal or absolute entropy in that the random variable need not be discrete. Given a continuous random variable X with a probability density ...

A number n such that the "LED representation" of n (i.e., the arrangement of horizonal and vertical lines seen on a digital clock or pocket calculator), n upside down, n in a ...

A number n is said to be divisible by d if d is a divisor of n. The function Divisible[n, d] returns True if an integer n is divisible by an integer d. The product of any n ...

A pair of prime numbers (p,q) such that p^(q-1)=1 (mod q^2) and q^(p-1)=1 (mod p^2). The only known examples are (2, 1093), (3, 1006003), (5 , 1645333507), (83, 4871), (911, ...

The dual vector space to a real vector space V is the vector space of linear functions f:V->R, denoted V^*. In the dual of a complex vector space, the linear functions take ...

The angle obtained by drawing the auxiliary circle of an ellipse with center O and focus F, and drawing a line perpendicular to the semimajor axis and intersecting it at A. ...

The elastica formed by bent rods and considered in physics can be generalized to curves in a Riemannian manifold which are a critical point for ...

The case of the Weierstrass elliptic function with invariants g_2=0 and g_3=1. The corresponding real half-period is given by omega_2 = (Gamma^3(1/3))/(4pi) (1) = ...

The Erdős number is the number of "hops" needed to connect the author of a paper with the prolific late mathematician Paul Erdős. An author's Erdős number is 1 if he has ...