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Bubbles can meet only at angles of 120 degrees (for three bubbles) and cos^(-1)(-1/3) approx 109 degrees28^'16^('') (for four bubbles), where cos^(-1)(-1/3) is the ...

A group theoretic operation which is useful in the study of complex atomic spectra. A plethysm takes a set of functions of a given symmetry type {mu} and forms from them ...

Given a set of ordered quantities, a list of the fractions of values at or below each quantity is know as a plotting position. A quantile-quantile plot compares observed ...

Pogson's ratio is the constant 100^(1/5)=10^(2/5)=2.511886431... (OEIS A189824) appearing in the definition of the astronomical magnitude (brightness) scale. This scale is ...

For the rational curve of an unperturbed system with rotation number r/s under a map T (for which every point is a fixed point of T^s), only an even number of fixed points ...

In functional analysis, the term "Poincaré-Friedrichs inequality" is a term used to describe inequalities which are qualitatively similar to the classical Poincaré Inequality ...

Let Omega be an open, bounded, and connected subset of R^d for some d and let dx denote d-dimensional Lebesgue measure on R^d. In functional analysis, the Poincaré inequality ...

Consider an n-dimensional deterministic dynamical system x^_^.=f^_(x) and let S be an n-1-dimensional surface of section that is traverse to the flow, i.e., all trajectories ...

Poincaré's lemma says that on a contractible manifold, all closed forms are exact. While d^2=0 implies that all exact forms are closed, it is not always true that all closed ...

A theory of constructing initial conditions that provides safe convergence of a numerical root-finding algorithm for an equation f(z)=0. Point estimation theory treats ...